In physics, there are certain physical quantities that play a central role in the science, such as the mass of an electron or the speed of light, also known as the gravitational constant.

“We do know the values of these fundamental quantities very well,” said astrophysicist Prof. Brian Koberlein in an article published recently on his website. “The mass and charge of an electron are known to about one part in a billion. The gravitational constant, perhaps the least well measured, is known to about one part in ten thousand,” he added. Prof. Max Tegmark, who is a world famous physicist from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, said that most of the parameters affecting low-energy physics appear fine-tuned at some level in the sense that changing them by modest amounts would result in a qualitatively different universe.

“If the electromagnetic force were weakened by a mere 4%, then the Sun would immediately explode. If it were stronger, there would be fewer stable atoms,” noted Tegmark in the book Science and Ultimate Reality: From Quantum to Cosmos, published by Cambridge University Press. Tegmark continued, “If the weak interaction (which is one of the fundamental forces in physics) were substantially weaker, there would be no hydrogen around, since it would have been converted to helium shortly after the Big Bang. If it were either much stronger or much weaker, the neutrinos from a supernova explosion would fail to blow away the outer parts of the star, and it is doubtful whether life supporting heavy elements would ever be able to leave the stars where they were produced. (The heavier elements, such as carbon, oxygen, and iron, were made in the nuclear furnace of high mass stars. Upon the death of stars, these elements, along with even more massive nuclei created during the supernova, were thrown out into space.)

Prof. Tegmark gave some more fascinating examples: “If the protons were 0.2% heavier, they would decay into neutrons unable to hold onto electrons, so there would be no stable atoms around. If the proton-to-electron mass ratio were much smaller, there could be no stable stars, and if it were much larger, there could be no ordered structures like crystals and DNA molecules.”

And here are some examples of “fine tuning” mentioned by Dr. Luke Barnes from the Sydney Institute for Astronomy, in his article, “The Fine-Tuning of the Universe for Intelligent Life”:

“If gravity were repulsive rather than attractive, then matter wouldn’t clump into complex structures. If the strong force (the force that binds protons and neutrons together to form the nucleus of an atom) were a long rather than short-range force, then there would be no atoms. Any structures that formed would be uniform, spherical, undifferentiated lumps of arbitrary size and incapable of complexity. If in electromagnetism, like charges attracted and opposites repelled, then there would be no atoms. As above, we would just have undifferentiated lumps of matter.”

Another example of fine tuning is the fine structure constant, which is also known as alpha. It’s the measure of the strength of the electromagnetic force that governs how electrically charged particles interact. Its value is nearly equal to 1/137 (or to 0.007297). Richard Feynman, who is one of the top physicists of the 20th century and a Nobel laureate, called the fine structure constant “a magic number.”

“If alpha were >0.1, stellar fusion would be impossible,” stated University of Cambridge theoretical physicist Prof. John Barrow.

Physicist Gerald Schroeder from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology quoted the words of Prof. Michael Turner, an astrophysicist at the University of Chicago and Fermilab: “The precision (in the universe) is as if one could throw a dart across the entire universe and hit a bull’s-eye one millimeter in diameter on the other side.”

Bent down in prayer as winds blow by.

No glimpse of greed or poverty,

Once again she stretches up beneath the sky.

Listen closely to the flower’s song,

As pedals play their part.

To turn Man’s eye for a moment long,

To God’s great work of art.

“See order in my rhythm,

See plan in my design.

See prayer in my precision.

’I’ve been sent here as a sign.

Ponder now, before I’m gone,

For winter here draws nigh.

Without knowledge of why we’re here,

Is not wisdom naught but a lie?

And as I sing my final song,

This is what we all will learn.

To God it is we all belong,

And to Him is our return.”

Statements like “God must have createdwith special care” are most inconvenientand disagreeable. Even for the mostsplendid things, God Almightycommands “Be! and it is.”

Imagine yourself in Spain, walking through the Alhambra palace. As you gaze at the artistry and beautiful architecture, you feel an urge to meet the master who built it. When you study other works of art, you see that throughout history, artists have used materials such as marble, iron, stones, wood, and glass, which are all found in abundance throughout our world, scattered in different places. The master architect however, uses the knowledge and willpower granted to him as it is represented in the spirit of a civilization. He transforms these things into living history. In other words, the physical structure and artistry of the Alhambra palace may stimulate a thinking mind to understand the whole of Andalusian civilization.

In the same way, imagine a clock. It is made of various parts: mills, springs, screws, etc. that are all made of materials like iron, nickel, and copper. Again, these can all be found in abundance around the world. An intelligent clockmaker uses these items as he accurately plans, calculates, and measures the correct number and placement of the mills, how they turn, their diameters, and other details that all require very sensitive adjustments. The mastery of craftsmanship contributes to the precision, and thereby to the value of the clock. Although the famous evolutionist Richard Dawkins claimed that such an accurate machine could be made by a “blind clockmaker,” I am compelled to grant the genius of accuracy with a little more respect to suggest that a precise clock requires the attention of a focused eye.

Just as with Alhambra and the clock, the genius of artistry and precision, when we perceive of the human being as work of art, we begin to understand the mastery that lies behind its development. Highlighting the amazing factual data about our physical and chemical structure, in this article, I try to find an answer to the question “what is a human being?” The resulting data reveals the degree to which human beings exist as magnificent works of art. My intent is to illustrate the intention of the Ultimate Master behind human existence.

Here are some basic facts about the approximate numbers, size, and longevity of our cells, the smallest living units in our body:

Facts in total numbers

Cells in a human body: 100 trillion

The variety of cells: 210

Cells dying every second: 50 million

Cells being created every second: 50 million

Red corpuscles: 25 trillion

White corpuscles: 25-100 billion

Neurons: 30 billion

(for a comparison, there are 100,000 neurons in the body of a fly and 10 million in the brain of a mouse)

Neurons in the brain cortex: 10 billion

Neurons in the cerebellar cortex: 10 billion

Synapses of all neurons: 100 trillion

Cells dying in a normal day: 50-100 thousand

Cells activated at a remembering process: 10-100 million

Cells producing gastric acid: male 1 billion, female 820 million

Size of sperms-the smallest cells: 3-5m (1 micrometer=10-6 m)

Size of glial cells in the brain: 5m

Diameter of egg cells-the biggest cells: 100-120 m

Average size of a liver cell: 30-50 m

Diameter of a red corpuscle: 7 m

Diameter of a kidney cell’s nucleus: 6.2 m

Chromosomes’ adjoined width at metaphase: 4.5 m

Diameter of the nucleus of a ganglion cell in the spinal cord: 1.2 m

Diameter of a mitochondria: 0.5-1.2 m

Diameter of a lysosome (enzyme carrier): 0.2-0.5 m

Microvilli on the small intestinal cells: 100nm (1 nanometer=10–9 m)

Diameter of a ribosome:12-20nm

Thickness of a cell membrane: 8.0nm

Diameter of a nexus on a cell membrane: 3.0nm

Diameter of a DNA double helix: 2.0nm

Length of an amino acid molecule: 0.8-1.1nm

Diameter of an atom: 0.1-0.5nm

Longevity of cells

Anal epithelial cells: 4.3 days

Epidermis cells: 19.2 days

Bowel epithelial cells: 10 days

Intestinal mucous cells: 1.4 days

Rectal mucous cells: 6.2 days

Bladder epithelial cells: 66.5 days

Lip epidermis cells: 14.7 days

Sole epidermis cells: 19.1 days

Tracheal epithelial cells: 47.6 days

Alveolar cells: 8.1 days

Gastric cardia epithelial cells: 9.1 days

Pyloric epithelial cells: 1.8-1.9 days

Inner ear epithelial cells: 34.5 days

Red corpuscles: 120days

Neutrophils: 4-5 days

Eosinophils: 10 days

Lymphocytes: 5 days to years

Monocytes: several months

Liver cells : 222 days

Kidney epithelial cells: 286 days

Thyroid epithelial cells: 287 days

Bone cells: 25-30 years

Neurons Lifelong

The cells which do not divide and reproduce:

Egg cells, brain cells, neurons, sweat gland cells, and hair papilla cells.

The human body is thus similar to a massive 3-D jigsaw puzzle; an incredibly complex one with trillions of minute-size pieces. It begins with a collection of 0.1 to 0.5 nanometer atoms that all come together to make up the elements of cells. From these elements-mitochondria and the like-a 100 trillion cells are formed that all come together to form the organs, muscles, tissue, and bones of the human body. All come together in a splendid fashion and all work together as if they are well aware of each other. All of this precision comes to together to form something that is both precise and beautiful.

This is not all. The process is renewed every second as cells wear out, die, and are reborn. In a few years, the body is an entirely new thing. Even more, the longevity of cells varies; some live only 1.4 days (intestinal mucous cells), while others last for months. Your body replaces cells at exact moments with perfect timing. No pause is allowed, and this is supposed to go on for some seventy years. It seems impossible to believe that such a thing can ever happen, that a “blind puzzle-maker” or any other chance-based mechanism could produce such a result. But here we are, living examples of beauty and precision. Somebody has already made us, didn’t He?